This would lead to not only to changes in temperature but also in the amount of rainfall. It is now believed that it could be much greater. In 1995, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) predicted that global warming would raise temperatures by 3.50-100C during the 21st century, If the present trends continue. Global Warming is accelerating faster than what climatologists had calculated a few years ago. However, the current international agreements are not still effective enough to prevent the significant changes in climate and a rise in sea levels. Many countries have signed a convention to reduce Green House Gases under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC). There is evidence to show that carbon dioxide levels are still increasing. The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased by 31% since pre-industrial times, causing more heat to be trapped in the lower atmosphere. Human activities during the last few decades of industrialization and population growth have polluted the atmosphere to the extent that it has begun to seriously affect the climate. Without such gases, most of the Earth`s surface would be frozen with a mean air temperature of –180C. This is about 330C higher than it would be in the absence of the greenhouse effect.
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The average surface temperature is about 150 C. As carbon dioxide is released by various human activities, it is rapidly increasing. Some of the heat is trapped by greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide. The rest of the heat radiates back to the atmosphere.
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About 75% of the solar energy reaching the Earth is absorbed by the Earth`s surface, which increases its temperature.